Enumerating Attack Vectors

Helpful Tools

Miscellaneous:

• Ghostpack Compiled Binaries

• UAC (User Account Control) Bypasses

• Impacket Tools

• NetCat for Windows

Exploit Suggesters:

• winPEAS: Windows local Privilege Escalation Awesome Script.

• Seatbelt: C# local privilege escalation checks.

• PowerUp: PowerShell script for finding common Windows privilege escalation vectors that rely on misconfigurations.

• SharpUp: C# version of PowerUp .

• JAWS: PowerShell script for enumerating privilege escalation vectors written in PowerShell 2.0 .

• Watson: .NET tool to enumerate missing KBs and suggest exploits.

• Windows Exploit Suggester Next Generation

• Metasploit Local Exploit Suggester: use post/multi/recon/local_exploit_suggester on a backgrounded meterpreter sessions .

Credentials:

• LaZagne: Retrieve passwords stored on a local machine from Windows password storage mechanisms and many different sources.
• MimiKatz: Extract credentials, perform PtH, PtT, craft golden tickets and more.
• SessionGopher: PowerShell tool to find and decrypt saved session information for remote access tools.

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Enumerating Windows Protection

• Check Windows Defender status: Get-MpComputerStatus

• List AppLocker rules: Get-AppLockerPolicy -Effective \| select -ExpandProperty RuleCollections

• Test AppLocker policy: Get-AppLockerPolicy -Local \| Test-AppLockerPolicy -path C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe -User Everyone

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Processes, Jobs, Scheduled Tasks

• Dislpay all running processes (PowerShell): Get-Process

• List named pipes: pipelist.exe /accepteula

• List named pipes with PowerShell: gci \\.\pipe\

• Review permissions on a named pipe: accesschk.exe /accepteula \\.\Pipe\lsass -v

• Display running processes: tasklist /svc

• Enumerate scheduled tasks: schtasks /query /fo LIST /v

• Get ACLs for a specific scheduled task: icacls C:\Users\dude\Desktop\example.exe

• Enumerate scheduled tasks with PowerShell: Get-ScheduledTask \| select TaskName,State

• Enumerate all Unquoted Service Paths: wmic service get name,displayname,pathname,startmode \| findstr /i "auto" \| findstr /i /v "c:\windows\\" \| findstr /i /v """

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Kernel and OS

• Display all environment variables: set

• View detailed system configuration information: systeminfo

• Get patches and updates: wmic qfe

• Get installed programs: wmic product get name

• Get Installed programs in PowerShell: Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Product \| select Name, Version

• Enumerate computer description field: Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_OperatingSystem \| select Description

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Registries

• Query for always install elevated registry key (1): reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer

• Query for always install elevated registry key (2): reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Installer

• Find PuTTY clear-text credentials: reg query HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY\Session\

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Users and Groups

• Get logged-in users: query user

• Get current user: echo %USERNAME%

• View current user privileges: whoami /priv

• View current user group information: whoami /groups

• Get all system user: net user

• Get all system groups: net localgroup

• View details about a group: net localgroup administrators

• Get password policy: net accounts

• Check permissions on a directory: .\accesschk64.exe /accepteula -s -d C:\Scripts\

• Check local user description field: Get-LocalUser

• Run commands as another user (requires their password): runas /user:backupadmin cmd

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Network-Related

• Display active network connections: netstat -ano

• Get interface, IP address and DNS information: ipconfig /all

• Review ARP table: arp -a

• Review routing table: route print

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Installed Applications

check installed applications: Get-ItemProperty "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\*" | select displayname

check installed applications (alternative): Get-ItemProperty "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\*" | select displayname

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Credential Hunting

• Search common configuration files containing the word "password": findstr /SIM /C:"password" *.txt *.ini *.cfg *.config *.xml

• Searching file contents for a string: findstr /spin "password" *.*

• Search file contents with PowerShell: select-string -Path C:\Users\htb-student\Documents\*.txt -Pattern password

• Search for file extensions: dir /S /B *pass*.txt == *pass*.xml == *pass*.ini == *cred* == *vnc* == *.config*

• Search for file extensions (alternative): Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Include *.txt,*.ini -File -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

• Search for file extensions using PowerShell: Get-ChildItem C:\ -Recurse -Include *.rdp, *.config, *.vnc, *.cred -ErrorAction Ignore

• List cmdkey saved credentials (in memory): cmdkey /list

• Run SessionGopher to extract credentials: Import-Module .\SessionGopher.ps1 → Invoke-SessionGopher -Target WINLPE-SRV01

• Retrieve saved Chrome credentials: .\SharpChrome.exe logins /unprotect

• Search Chrome Dictionary Files containing passwords: gc 'C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Custom Dictionary.txt' \| Select-String password

• Read the PowerShell History File: gc (Get-PSReadLineOption).HistorySavePath

• Retrieve saved wireless passwords: netsh wlan show profile WIFINAME key=clear

• Enumerate unattended installation files (files named unattend.xml) which may contain passwords, which are stored in plaintext or base64

• Enumerate .kdbx KeePass files and extract credentials using python2.7 keepass2john.py file.kdbx, followed by hashcat -m 13400

• Extract clipboard (copy-paste) data: git clone https://github.com/inguardians/Invoke-Clipboard/blob/master/Invoke-Clipboard.ps1

• Search current user's history file content (PowerShell): Get-History

• Find all accessible PowerShell history files: foreach($user in ((ls C:\users).fullname)){cat "$user\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadline\ConsoleHost_history.txt" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue}

• Display a user's specific history file's content: type C:\Users\{USERNAME}\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Windows\PowerShell\PSReadLine\ConsoleHost_history.txt

• Retrieve password from Windows Sticky Notes: C:\Users\<user>\AppData\Local\Packages\Microsoft.MicrosoftStickyNotes_8wekyb3d8bbwe\LocalState\plum.sqlite